When union strategy meets business strategy: The union voucher at Axa
研究了法国改革派工会CFDT与安盛保险在1980年代试行的工会代金券制度，该制度由公司向员工发放代金券，员工可自主选择支持的工会分支，旨在解决工会财务困难并扩大成员基础。文章追溯了该制度的历史并评估了安盛的经验。
In the 1980s, the French reformist union CFDT and insurance company Axa tested the union voucher. This was a novel solution for the union branch inside the company to address financial difficulties, broaden its membership base and generate new resources. The union voucher is a tool that provides unions with company funding: the company distributes vouchers to employees on an annual basis; employees then allocate the voucher (or not) to the union branch of their choice. The voucher system thus combines company financing and individual employee choice. Axa adopted the system in the early 1990s. Axa’s decision can ultimately be explained by its external growth strategy and because it needed to preserve a favourable climate during a period of intense restructuring. This article traces the history of the union voucher and assesses Axa’s experience.