Local Labor Markets in Canada and the United States
利用1990-2011年家庭和企业数据，比较美加本地劳动力市场，发现两国工资水平和不平等程度随城市人口增长而上升，但加拿大幅度较小；中国进口竞争对加拿大制造业就业的负面影响较弱。
We examine US and Canadian local labor markets from 1990 to 2011 using comparable household and business data. Wage levels and inequality rise with city population in both countries, albeit less in Canada. Neither country saw wage levels converge despite contrasting migration patterns from/to high-wage areas. Local labor demand shifts raise nominal wages similarly, although in Canada they attract immigrant and highly skilled workers more while raising housing costs less. Chinese import competition had a weaker negative impact on manufacturing employment in Canada. These results are consistent with Canada’s more redistributive transfer system and larger, more educated immigrant workforce.