Big business in the Russian empire: A European perspective
本文整理了1914年俄罗斯帝国最大私营企业的清单，并与英、德、法三国的大企业比较，探讨俄罗斯大企业的规模、结构及外国企业家角色，为理解一战前俄罗斯经济的落后与边缘化特征提供新证据。
This paper presents an inventory of the largest private companies in the Russian Empire in 1914, and their comparison to the largest contemporary British, German, and French companies identified by Youssef Cassis as ‘big business’. It focusses on three questions. First, how big was big business in Russia from a European perspective? Second, how did the structure of big business in Russia compare to that of other large European economies? And finally, how did foreign entrepreneurship appear in Russian big business? Drawing on new empirical evidence, it contributes to the discussion on the ‘backward’ and ‘peripheral’ character of the Russian economy before the First World War.