Export Response to Technical Barriers to Trade: Firm-Level Evidence from Pakistan
利用巴基斯坦芒果出口企业的交易数据，研究技术性贸易壁垒如何影响出口的集约边际，发现企业通过提高价格和数量应对，但客户基础缩小。
This study empirically examines the responses of trade margins to a battery of technical barriers to trade (TBT) and explores the mechanism, drivers and speed of adjustment. It uses a highly-disaggregated transaction-level dataset of mango-exporting firms from Pakistan and exploits a quasi-natural experiment in the identification strategy. It finds that, following the application of TBT measures, exports increased along the intensive margins. The process of adjustment took around four years, and larger quantities as well as higher prices drive this effect. Moreover, firms shrink their client base in destination markets but ship large quantities to a few big retailers.