[Urban growth and residential strategies of households: the example of spontaneous neighborhoods in Dakar]
基于1988年人口普查数据，分析了达喀尔自发形成社区的人口结构和社会经济特征，探讨了住房获取限制因素及应对自发发展的政策方向。
Urban growth in Senegal like everywhere in West Africa will continue to be a major concern for decades to come. Moreover there will also remain an important spatial division between the population living in rural areas and those involved in the considerable trend toward urbanization. This paper examines the localization of spontaneously created neighborhoods their demographic structure and some of their socioeconomic characteristics drawing from data collected in the 1988 population and housing census. Next in examining the housing production sector the author tries to better understand which factors limit access to housing as well as the various measures adopted to reabsorb spontaneous developments. Finally a monographic analysis leads to a presentation on the Grand Medine neighborhood and an analysis of its layout residential characteristics and subsistence strategies in place. Urbanization is a recent but rapidly evolving process in sub-Saharan Africa where it is occurring at the expense of rural areas. Many decision-makers are inclined to accord priority attention and resources to cities. However in following such a path cities assume an important place in countries’ economies which then accelerates their growth by pulling residents from rural areas. Many problems result from such large population movements and the resulting pressures upon destination cities. A number of potential policy directions to resolve such problems are considered.