Matching policy tools and their targets: beyond nudges and utility maximisation in policy design
本文指出政策工具研究忽视了目标对象的行为特征，常假设其为理性效用最大化者，并提出新议程以更好地匹配工具资源与目标行为。
Studies of policy tools have not devoted a great deal of attention to the behavioural characteristics of the objects of policy interventions. These ‘policy targets’ are often assumed to act as simple rational utility maximisers who can be manipulated by incentives and disincentives. This has led to a focus on the calibrations of policy tools rather than on whether the mix of tools in use matches the nature of compliance and cooperation required or demanded of a policy situation. This paper proposes a new research and practice agenda focused on better understanding and matching tool resources to target behaviour.