Additional Returns to Investing in Girls' Education: Impact on Younger Sibling Human Capital
研究巴基斯坦年长姐姐的教育如何通过家庭照护责任提升弟妹的识字、算术和入学率，发现忽视这种溢出效应会低估女孩教育项目的总收益。
This article estimates the effect of the oldest sister's education on child human capital development. In many developing countries, the oldest sisters share significant childcare responsibilities in the household and can influence younger siblings' learning. I propose a model that predicts competing effects of increasing the oldest sister's schooling on younger sibling human capital. Using an identification strategy that exploits the gender segregation of schools in Pakistan, I find that the oldest sister's schooling significantly improves younger brothers' literacy, numeracy and schooling. These results indicate that evaluations of programmes targeting girls' education that ignore these spillovers on younger siblings systematically underestimate total benefits.