The Human Capital Legacy of a Trade Embargo
利用断点回归设计，研究了1989年印度对尼泊尔实施贸易禁运期间，胎儿期暴露对存活率和人力资本的影响，发现出生率下降、早期死亡率上升，且幸存女性成年后教育水平更高。
Abstract We estimate the effects of in-utero exposure to a trade embargo on survival and human capital in an import-dependent developing country. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that a nearly comprehensive embargo imposed by India on Nepal in 1989 led to a large decline in reported live births, and increased early life mortality. The decline in births is concentrated in poorer, more remote districts, and is sharper for female births than male births, consistent with documented gender discrimination. Women survivors of exposure are more educated in adulthood than unexposed cohorts.