Technical Efficiency of Producer Cooperatives versus Private Firms: A Longitudinal Empirical Study
研究了1944-1998年西班牙南部橄榄油制造企业，发现生产者合作社比私营企业技术效率更高，且这一结论在控制政治经济环境后依然成立。
In this paper, we hypothesize that producer cooperatives are more efficient than private firms, even when the impact of the political and economic environment is controlled for, and irrespective of the orientation with which efficiency is assessed; that is, whether firms target the reduction of inputs or the expansion of outputs. The empirical application focuses on a longitudinal population of olive oil manufacturing firms operating in the south of Spain from 1944 to 1998. The analyses clearly show that producer cooperatives are more efficient than private firms.