BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS AND RESEARCH NOTES: SEAT BELT USE AND ACCIDENT INVOLVEMENT: A COMPARISON OF DRIVING BEHAVIOR BEFORE AND AFTER A SEAT BELT LAW
研究对比了安全带使用者在法律实施前后的事故和违章率，发现非使用者事故和违章率更高，且法律实施后警方报告的使用率远高于实际观察和自报数据。
In an earlier study, researchers at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center found drivers classified as seat belt nonusers on the basis of direct observation and self-reported belt use to be overrepresented in prior accidents and violations. This study represents a follow-up and extension of the earlier study where accident and violation rates over a 2.5-year interval following the classification by seat belt use status are compared. Seat belt nonusers were again found to be overrepresented in both accidents and violations. In other analyses of these data, changes in seat belt use status were found not to be associated with changes in accident or violation rates, and seat belt use rates reported by police in accidents following the mandatory seat belt law greatly exceeded both the observed and self-reported use rates. This was especially pronounced for drivers who responded that they rarely or never used seat belts. (A)