Childcare, Household Composition, Muslim Ethnicity, and Off-Farm Work in Rural China
利用2012年中国家庭民族调查数据，研究了儿童照护和家庭构成如何影响农村穆斯林与非穆斯林已婚个体的非农就业决策，发现儿童降低女性就业概率而提高男性就业概率，且穆斯林群体的性别差距更大。
This study explores how religious and ethnic norms and gender relations interact across the domestic and public spheres of work in rural China's minority-concentrated regions. It focuses on the roles that childcare and household composition play in the employment decisions of prime-age married individuals of Muslim and non-Muslim ethnicity. Using the 2012 China Household Ethnicity Survey (CHES), the study finds that children generally decrease women's likelihood of employment outside the home and increase men's. The gender gap in the probability of off-farm employment is larger for those of Muslim ethnicity. Non-Muslim parents of sons are more likely to migrate for employment than parents of daughters. The presence of women of grandparent age (46–70) universally facilitates labor migration. Men of grandparent age tend to increase only the probability that non-Muslim parents migrate for employment. Additional adult male household members reduce the likelihood that women of Muslim ethnicity have off-farm employment.