What Businesses Attract Unions? Unionization over the Life Cycle of U.S. Establishments
研究提出工会学习与组织理论，利用行业机构生产率信息决定组织目标，通过认证选举数据实证分析工会活动集中在哪些企业。
What types of businesses attract unions? The study develops a theory of union learning and organizing to provide an answer to this question. A union monitors the productivity of establishments in an industry and uses this information to decide which ones to organize. An establishment becomes unionized if the union wins a certification election, the outcome of which can be influenced by costly actions taken by the two parties. The model offers predictions on the nature of union selection, which are examined empirically. Data on union certification elections, matched with data on establishment characteristics, are used to explore where union activity is concentrated.