A Neofunctionalist Perspective on the ‘European Refugee Crisis’: The Case of the European Border and Coast Guard
本文用新功能主义理论分析欧洲边境与海岸警卫队条例的谈判过程，发现危机暴露了申根体系与政府间边境体制的缺陷，但一体化反而深化，对理解欧洲难民危机管理有参考价值。
Abstract Initial literature on the ‘European refugee crisis’ discerned intergovernmental tendencies in its management. This paper examines whether neofunctionalism may be able to explain a major case of ‘European refugee crisis’ policy‐making, the negotiations on the European Border and Coast Guard regulation. We argue, somewhat counterintuitively, that the theory considerably furthers our respective understanding. The crisis acted as a catalyst exposing the weaknesses of a system that pitted a supranational Schengen against a largely intergovernmental external border regime, notwithstanding a developing Frontex. These dysfunctionalities have been widely fostered by both national and supranational decision‐makers shrinking from the significant economic, political and sunk costs of Schengen disintegration, thus ruling out the possibility for spillback. Additionally, further integration was substantially nurtured by supranational agency, ‘socialized’ national civil servants, transnational NGOs and European business associations.