The cointegrated vector autoregressive model with general deterministic terms
统一处理了协整向量自回归模型中的确定性项，提出扩展模型并给出估计方法、渐近性质及检验，对从事时间序列计量分析的研究者有用。
In the cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR) literature, deterministic terms have until now been analyzed on a case-by-case, or as-needed basis. We give a comprehensive unified treatment of deterministic terms in the additive model Xt=γZt+Yt, where Zt belongs to a large class of deterministic regressors and Yt is a zero-mean CVAR. We suggest an extended model that can be estimated by reduced rank regression, and give a condition for when the additive and extended models are asymptotically equivalent, as well as an algorithm for deriving the additive model parameters from the extended model parameters. We derive asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimators and discuss tests for rank and tests on the deterministic terms. In particular, we give conditions under which the estimators are asymptotically (mixed) Gaussian, such that associated tests are χ2-distributed.