Regional knowledge, entrepreneurial culture, and innovative start-ups over time and space―an empirical investigation
研究德国1907-2014年间区域创业文化和历史知识基础对当前创新行业新企业形成的影响，发现历史自雇水平和早期技术大学的地理邻近性对百年后的创新初创企业有显著正向作用。
We investigate the role of entrepreneurship culture and the historical knowledge base of a region on current levels of new business formation in innovative industries. The analysis is for German regions and covers the time period 1907–2014. We find a pronounced positive relationship between high levels of historical self-employment in science-based industries and new business formation in innovative industries today. This long-term legacy effect of entrepreneurial tradition indicates the prevalence of a regional culture of entrepreneurship. Moreover, local presence and geographic proximity to a technical university founded before the year 1900 is positively related to the level of innovative start-ups more than a century later. The results show that a considerable part of the knowledge that constitutes an important source of entrepreneurial opportunities is deeply rooted in history. We draw conclusions for policy and for further research.