Youth Migration and Labour Constraints in African Agrarian Households
利用埃塞俄比亚和马拉维的面板数据，研究了青年迁移如何影响家庭劳动力、雇佣劳动需求和收入，并发现迁移儿子的负担更大，尤其在埃塞俄比亚对女性户主/配偶、在马拉维对兄弟的影响显著。
Using panel data from Ethiopia and Malawi, we investigate how youth migration affects household labour, hired labour demand, and income, and whether these effects vary by migrant sex and destination. Labour shortages arise from the migration of a head’s child. However, the migration of the head’s sons produces a greater burden, particularly on female heads/spouses (in Ethiopia) and brothers (in Malawi). Gains from migration in the form of increased total net income justify the increased labour efforts in Ethiopia. Weaker evidence suggests households in Malawi substitute hired for migrant family labour at the expense of total household net income.