Smart specialization policy in the European Union: relatedness, knowledge complexity and regional diversification
针对欧盟智能专业化政策缺乏分析工具的问题，提出基于关联性和知识复杂性的政策框架，发现区域多样化面临复杂技术困境，但可依托本地相关能力发展新技术。
The operationalization of smart specialization policy has been rather limited because a coherent set of analytical tools to guide the policy directives remains elusive. We propose a policy framework around the concepts of relatedness and knowledge complexity. We show that diversifying into more complex technologies is attractive but difficult for European Union regions to accomplish. Regions can overcome this diversification dilemma by developing new complex technologies that build on local related capabilities. We use these findings to construct a policy framework for smart specialization that highlights the potential risks and rewards for regions of adopting competing diversification strategies.