Disclosure Regulation in the Commercial Banking Industry: Lessons from the National Banking Era
利用美国各州信息披露和监管法规采纳的差异，研究发现要求银行在地方报纸上公布财务报表能提升银行稳定性和发展，而强大的地主和小型私人银行会阻碍此类法规的通过。
ABSTRACT I exploit variation in the adoption of disclosure and supervisory regulation across U.S. states to examine their impact on the development and stability of commercial banks. The empirical results suggest that the adoption of state‐level requirements to report financial statements in local newspapers is associated with greater stability and development of commercial banks. I also examine which political constituencies influence the adoption of disclosure and supervisory regulation. I find that powerful landowners and small private banks are associated with late adoption of these regulations. These findings suggest that incumbent groups oppose disclosure rules because the passage of such rules threatens their private interests.