Factors determining labor underutilization in Spain by gender before and after the economic crisis
本文利用混合Logit模型，分别分析西班牙男性和女性在经济危机前后劳动力利用不足（包括就业不足和失业）的主要影响因素，发现危机期间因素发生显著变化，且男女之间存在重要差异。
This article analyzes separately for men and women the main factors associated with labor underutilization (underemployment and unemployment) in Spain before and after the economic crisis. It does so by means of a novel application of the mixed logit econometric model, which has not been used before in the specialized literature on this topic and which represents a significant advance with respect to previous models. The results evidence significant modifications during this period of crisis and underscore important differences between men and women pertaining to these two conditions of labor underutilization.