Economic Integration and State Responses: Change in European Industrial Relations since Maastricht
分析了1992年以来欧盟六大国的产业关系变化，发现尽管工会和集体谈判普遍弱化，但就业政策、福利国家等政治规制并未全面自由化，产业关系更多受政治偶然性和多种权力形式影响。
Abstract The article analyses industrial relations change in the six largest EU countries since 1992 in relation to increased internationalization pressures. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis, it distinguishes between associational and state governance, and detects that despite a predominant, but not universal, trend of weakening trade unions and collective bargaining, no overall liberalization has occurred in the political regulation of employment (employment policies, welfare state, labour law, state support to collective bargaining, public sector). Rather than converging towards neoliberalism, industrial relations emerge as more politically contingent and dependent on multiple forms of power, which are affected by internationalization in different ways.