Estimating Both Supply and Demand Elasticities Using Variation in a Single Tax Rate
利用税收理论中的排除限制，仅用一个税率变化工具同时识别供给和需求弹性，并开发了包含2SLS估计和工具变量强度检验的方法。
We show how an insight from taxation theory allows identification of both the supply and demand elasticities using only one instrument. Most models of taxation since Ramsey (1927) assume that a tax levied on the demand side only affects demand through the price after taxation. Econometrically, we show that this assumption acts as an exclusion restriction. Under the Ramsey Exclusion Restriction (RER), a single tax reform can serve to simultaneously identify the demand and supply elasticity. We develop an estimation method, which includes 2SLS estimators for the elasticities, and a test for strength of the instrument. We discuss possible applications.