The skill profile of the employees and the provision of flexible working hours in the workplace: a multilevel analysis across European countries
基于2009年欧洲企业调查数据，研究员工中高技能工作占比与弹性工作时间提供之间的关系，发现两者呈正相关且非线性，并受国家层面失业率和工会密度调节。
Abstract This article investigates the relationship between the skill profile of the employees (i.e. the percentage of employees in highly skilled jobs) and the provision of flexible working hours in the workplace (i.e. the proportion of employees entitled to adapt, within certain limits, the time when they begin or finish their daily work according to their personal needs or wishes). Analyses draw on the 2009 European Company Survey, conducted on a representative sample ( N = 26,640) of European establishments in 29 countries. Multilevel mixed‐effects linear regressions are used to study to what extent both workplace‐level and national‐level variables affect this relationship. Findings suggest a strong, positive and non‐linear relationship between the variables under scrutiny, which is moderated, at national level, by both unemployment and trade union density rates.