Internment as a business challenge: Political risk management and German multinationals in Colonial India (1914–1947)
研究了两次世界大战期间德国跨国公司在印度面临员工被英方拘禁的挑战，发现拘禁不仅影响商业关系，还重塑了种族界限和欧洲商业类别，同时意外创造了商业网络机会。
Internment in so-called ‘enemy countries’ was a frequent occurrence in the twentieth century and created significant obstacles for multinational enterprises (MNEs). This article focuses on German MNEs in India and shows how they addressed the formidable challenge of the internment of their employees in British camps during both the First and the Second World War. It finds that internment impacted business relationships in India well beyond its endpoint and that the First World War internment shaped the subsequent perception of and strategic response to the Second World War experience. It is shown that internment aggravated existing staffing challenges, impacted on the perception of racial lines of distinctions and re-cast the category ‘European business’. While internment was perceived and managed as a political risk, the case also shows that it created unexpected networking opportunities, generating a tight community of German businesspeople in India.