How Minority Religion Can Shape Corporate Capitalism: An Emergentist Account and Empirical Illustration
研究了少数宗教（如罗马天主教）如何通过宏观条件影响中观和微观互动，进而塑造企业资本主义，并以印度班加罗尔和阿联酋迪拜的天主教徒职场经验为例，揭示了宗教带来的资产与负债如何导致结构维持而非变革。
Theories of how religion shapes business tend to focus on dominant religious institutions. What happens in the case of minority religions, where the alignment of religion with other dominant institutions may be weak at best? To answer this question, I first develop an emergentist account of religion, explaining how macro-level conditioning shapes meso- and micro-level interactions in religious contexts, leading to either structural change or stasis in business contexts. I illustrate this account by examining how Roman Catholicism as a minority religion shapes corporate capitalism in two cities: Bangalore, India, and Dubai, UAE. Drawing on in-depth interviews ( N =200) and 12 months of participant observation, I show how countervailing mechanisms create both assets and liabilities for Catholic professionals’ success in workplaces, contributing to morphostasis rather than change. I argue that such processes cannot be adequately understood without specifying their “macrofoundations,” and identify corresponding macro-level influences at global and local levels. By specifying such macro-micro linkages, this article improves our understanding of how religion shapes business.