National Business Regulations and City Entrepreneurship in Europe: A Multilevel Nested Analysis
利用2004-2009年20个欧洲国家228个城市的面板数据，通过多层次嵌套模型分析国家商业监管如何影响城市创业活动，检验了公共利益理论与公共选择理论的不同预测。
This article provides and tests a theoretical framework with a multilevel (country–city) nested model to analyze the relationship between national business regulations (NBRs) and city level entrepreneurship. While public interest theory predicts a positive relationship between NBR and city level entrepreneurship, public choice theory predicts the opposite, a negative relationship. Based on multilevel analysis for a matched country–city panel of 228 cities across 20 European countries for the years 2004 to 2009, the empirical evidence from panel data estimation explains how changes in NBRs influence changes in city level entrepreneurial activity over time.