Does Age Exacerbate the Gender-Wage Gap? New Method and Evidence From Germany, 1984–2014
调整了个人特征后，发现德国性别工资差距随年龄增长而扩大，甚至延续到生育年龄之后，表明年龄和性别在劳动力市场中是叠加的不利因素。
Given theoretical premises, the gender-wage gap adjusted for individual characteristics is likely to vary according to age. This study adapts John DiNardo, Nicole M. Fortin, and Thomas Lemieux's (1996) semi-parametric technique to disentangle year, cohort, and age effects in adjusted gender-wage gaps. The study relies on a long panel of data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) covering 1984–2015. The results indicate that, in Germany, the gender-wage gap increases over a birth cohort's lifetime, including in the post-reproductive age for some birth cohorts. The results suggest that age and gender are overlapping handicaps in the labor market and call for a policy intervention.