Voluntary Provision of Public Goods for Bads: A Theory of Environmental Offsets
研究为补偿损害公共品的行为而自愿提供公共品的机制，以碳抵消市场为例，发现平均捐赠不会随经济规模增大而趋于零，并分析了财富和偏好对捐赠的影响。
This article examines voluntary provision of a public good that is motivated, in part, to compensate for activities that diminish the public good. Markets for environmental offsets, such as those that promote carbon neutrality, provide an increasingly salient example. An important result is that mean donations do not converge to zero as the economy grows large. The equilibrium is solved to show how direct donations and net contributions depend on wealth and heterogeneous preferences. Comparative static analysis demonstrates how public good provision and social welfare depend on the technology, individual wealth and an initial level of the public good. Copyright © The Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society 2009.