Patent Buy-Outs: A Mechanism for Encouraging Innovation
分析政府买断专利并将其置于公共领域的机制，认为这能消除专利带来的垄断定价和重复研发问题，同时激励原创研究。
In 1839 the French government purchased the Daguerreotype patent and placed it in the public domain. Such patent buyouts could potentially eliminate the monopoly price distortions and incentives for rent-stealing duplicative research created by patents, while increasing incentives for original research. Governments could offer to purchase patents at their estimated private value, as determined in an auction, times a markup equal to the typical ratio of inventions' social and private value. Most patents purchased would be placed in the public domain, but to induce bidders to reveal their valuations, a few would be sold to the highest bidder.