How to Compete: The Impact of Workplace Practices and Information Technology on Productivity
基于美国全国企业调查数据，研究发现工作实践的实施方式比是否采用更重要，工会企业中新型劳资关系与激励薪酬结合能提高生产率，而工人教育水平和计算机使用率也与生产率正相关。
Using data from a unique nationally representative sample of businesses, the Educational Quality of the Workforce National Employers Survey (EQW-NES), matched with the Bureau of the Census ’ Longitudinal Research Database (LRD), we examine the impact of workplace practices, information technology and human capital investments on productivity. We estimate an augmented Cobb Douglas production function with both cross section and panel data covering the period of 1987S1993 using both within and GMM estimators. We find that what is associated with higher productivity is not so much whether or not an employer adopts a particular work practice, but rather how that work practice is actually implemented within the establishment. We also find that those unionized establishments that have adopted what have been called new or ‘transformed ’ industrial relations practices that promote joint decisionmaking coupled with incentive based compensation have higher productivity than other similar non-union plants, while those businesses that are unionized but maintain more traditional labor management relations have lower productivity. We also find that the higher the average educational level of production workers or the greater the proportion of non-managerial workers who use computers, the higher is plant productivity.