Changing Inequality in Markets for Workplace Amenities
研究美国行业间工资差距变化与工作场所风险(如工伤率、夜间工作)之间的关系,发现收入不平等加剧时,低工资工人承担了更多工作风险,表明收入不平等低估了工作回报的不平等。
Among U. S. industries where earnings rose relatively from 1979–1995, injury rates declined relatively. Obversely, during the 1960s narrowing interindustry wage differentials were associated with an increase in the relative risk of injury in high-wage industries. Evidence from the NLSY suggests similar results among full-time workers between 1988 and 1996. Between 1973 and 1991 the disamenity of evening/night work was increasingly borne by low-wage male workers. Changing earnings inequality has understated changing inequality in the returns to work. Assuming skill-neutral changes in the cost of reducing these disamenities, estimates of the implied income elasticities of demand for amenities are well above unity.