Consequences of Employment Protection? The Case of the Americans with Disabilities Act
利用当前人口调查数据，发现《美国残疾人法案》实施后，残疾男性及40岁以下女性的就业率显著下降，且该效应在中型企业及歧视指控较多的州更为明显，表明法案可能反而减少了残疾人就业。
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires employers to ac-commodate disabled workers and outlaws discrimination against the disabled in hiring, firing, and pay. Although the ADA was meant to increase the employment of the disabled, the net theoretical effects are ambiguous. For men of all working ages and women under 40, Current Population Survey data show a sharp drop in the employment of disabled workers after the ADA went into effect. Although the number of disabled individuals receiving disability transfers increased at the same time, the decline in employment of the disabled does not appear to be explained by increasing transfers alone, leaving the ADA as a likely cause. Consistent with this view, the effects of the ADA appear larger in medium-size firms, possibly because small firms were exempt from the ADA. The effects are also larger in states with more ADA-related discrimination charges. I.