Estimating the Effect of Treatments Allocated by Randomized Waiting Lists
论文指出在随机候补名单分配处理时，比较获得与未获得处理者会得到不一致的估计量，并提出一种新估计量，在候补名单至少有两个名额时一致，且实际应用显示结果有显著差异。
Oversubscribed treatments are often allocated using randomized waiting lists. Applicants are ranked randomly, and treatment offers are made following that ranking until all seats are filled. To estimate causal effects, researchers often compare applicants getting and not getting an offer. We show that those two groups are not statistically comparable. Therefore, the estimator arising from that comparison is inconsistent when the number of waitlists goes to infinity. We propose a new estimator, and show that it is consistent, provided the waitlists have at least two seats. Finally, we revisit an application, and we show that using our estimator can lead to a statistically significant difference with respect to the results obtained using the commonly used estimator.