Backlash: The Unintended Effects of Language Prohibition in U.S. Schools after World War I
研究美国一战后的学校语言禁令如何反而强化了德裔移民的文化认同，导致他们在二战中更少自愿参军、更多族内通婚和给后代取德语名字，对关注移民同化政策效果的学者有参考价值。
Abstract Do forced assimilation policies always succeed in integrating immigrant groups? This article examines how a specific assimilation policy—language restrictions in elementary school—affects integration and identification with the host country later in life. After World War I, several U.S. states barred the German language from their schools. Affected individuals were less likely to volunteer in World War II and more likely to marry within their ethnic group and to choose decidedly German names for their offspring. Rather than facilitating the assimilation of immigrant children, the policy instigated a backlash, heightening the sense of cultural identity among the minority.