Compulsory Voting, Habit Formation, and Political Participation
研究了瑞士沃州强制投票制度对公民投票习惯的长期影响，发现该制度虽能大幅提高投票率，但一旦取消，效果迅速消失，且对其他政治参与的溢出效应也很短暂，质疑了强制投票能养成投票习惯的观点。
Can electoral institutions induce lasting changes in citizens’ voting habits? We study the long-term and spillover effects of compulsory voting in the Swiss canton of Vaud (1900–1970) and find that this intervention increases turnout in federal referendums by 30 percentage points. However, despite its magnitude, the effect disappears quickly after voting is no longer compulsory. We find minor spillover effects on related forms of political participation that also vanish immediately after compulsory voting has been abolished. Overall, these results question habit formation arguments in the context of compulsory voting.