Developing a Valid and Reliable Measure of Product Innovativeness for Entrepreneurship Research
针对现有产品创新性测量方法在企业层面、主观性强且缺乏信效度的问题，开发了一个直接、客观、当代且基数的产品级测量方法，适用于新创和小企业。
Product innovativeness is central to entrepreneurship, but extant measures are problematic for entrepreneurship research because they tend to be firm‐level and/or subjective and lack validity and reliability for new and small firms. We develop a new measure of product innovativeness that is direct, objective, contemporary, and cardinal that provides entrepreneurship researchers with a reliable measure of innovativeness at the product level that will facilitate consistent measurement of this construct in cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies of product innovation. The new measure is developed as a formative measurement model using composite indicators that are objectively identified by observation of the new product and can be used to compare rival products or a particular firm's product innovations over time.