Heterogeneous welfare impacts of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme: Evidence from Andhra Pradesh, India
利用安得拉邦4013户家庭的三轮面板数据，发现印度国家农村就业保障计划对直接受益者的福利影响因项目暴露时长而异：一年期地区参与者蛋白质和能量摄入增加，两年期地区参与者非金融资产积累更多，且对弱势群体（如种姓、贫困家庭、女性户主和残疾家庭）效果更显著。
We use a three-round, 4013-household panel from Andhra Pradesh, together with administrative data and village and population census data, to explore the welfare effects of India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) on direct beneficiaries. NREGS participants in districts that had been exposed to the program for one year only significantly increased protein and energy intake while in districts with two-year exposure, participants were able to accumulate more nonfinancial assets. The benefits are most pronounced for scheduled casts/scheduled tribes and for the poor, in particular female headed households and households with disabilities. We also find that increased income from casual labor is the primary channel through which the effects are realized. We find no evidence that NREGS participation has resulted in higher private investment in land improvement.