Sexual Orientation and Labor Force Participation: Findings from Chile and Uruguay
利用智利和乌拉圭的普查数据，研究发现同性恋男性比已婚直男劳动力参与率低5个百分点，而女同性恋比已婚直女高32.7个百分点，两国趋势相似但参与率差异显著，文化保守主义可能是原因。
This is the first study that examines the association between sexual orientation and labor force participation in Chile and Uruguay. Using information on heads of households and their partners from recent census data, it applies a simple econometric methodology to measure the relationship of sexual orientation and labor participation, juxtaposing individuals who are part of straight and same-sex couples, while determining any difference in this association according to gender. The study finds that partnered gay men are up to 5.0 percentage points less likely to participate in the workforce compared to married straight men. In addition, lesbians are up to 32.7 percentage points more likely to participate in the labor force compared to married straight women. Trends between the two countries are similar, but the likelihood of participating in the labor force differs significantly. Conservatism in the cultural context and legal frameworks of each country arises as a possible explanation.