How to Find the Right Supply Chain Strategy? An Analysis of Contingency Variables
研究分析了DWV3（产品生命周期、交货时间窗口、需求波动性、需求量、产品多样性）及贡献利润率等权变变量对供应链策略的影响，发现需求波动性、交货时间窗口和贡献利润率对策略制定更重要。
ABSTRACT Contingency variables are characteristics of the business environment that influence the competitive priorities supply chains should pursue for maximizing profits. But which contingency variables should managers focus on when developing a supply chain strategy? On the one hand, if important variables are omitted, the selected strategy may fail to fulfill the needs of the business environment. On the other hand, considering irrelevant variables unnecessarily complicates the strategy formation process, hence preventing well‐suited strategies from being found. As a first step toward resolving this trade‐off, our study analyzes the effects hypothesized to be underlying a set of frequently cited contingency variables referred to as “DWV3” (product lifecycle Duration, delivery time Window, demand Variability, demand Volume, product Variety) as well as contribution margins. We test the hypotheses on archival data from a leading chemical manufacturer using multilevel regression. Our findings indicate that demand variability, the delivery time window, and contribution margins are important for strategy development because they indicate to what extent companies should invest in market mediation. Volume, variety, and lifecycle duration are less important for this purpose, but may instead be used for analyzing the causes of demand variability.