School Finance Reforms, Teachers' Unions, and the Allocation of School Resources
研究美国学校财政改革中，教师工会强弱如何影响州政府补助资金的使用方向：强工会地区将资金主要用于提高教师薪酬，弱工会地区则用于减税和招聘新教师，且强工会地区的学生成绩提升更大。
School finance reforms caused some of the most dramatic increases in intergovernmental aid from states to local governments in U.S. history. We examine whether teachers' unions affected the fraction of reform-induced state aid that passed through to local spending and the allocation of these funds. Districts with strong teachers' unions increased spending nearly dollar-for-dollar with state aid and spent the funds primarily on teacher compensation. Districts with weak unions used aid primarily for property tax relief and spent remaining funds on hiring new teachers. The greater expenditure increases in strong union districts led to larger increases in student achievement.