The Three Stages of Disruptive Innovation: Idea Generation, Incubation, and Scaling
提出大型成熟企业应对颠覆性变化需掌握创意生成、市场验证和规模化三个核心环节，并以亚马逊和IBM为例说明如何系统实施。
Facing imminent disruption, many large, established firms have embraced innovation as a way to develop new growth businesses. To succeed in the face of disruptive change requires established firms to master three distinct disciplines: ideation, to generate potential new business ideas; incubation, to validate these ideas in the market; and scaling, to reallocate the assets and capabilities needed to grow the new business. This article illustrates how two successful firms (Amazon and IBM) have developed approaches that address all three disciplines.