Universal Basic Income: Some Theoretical Aspects
从理论角度回顾全民基本收入（UBI）的合意性与可行性，讨论其规范性理由和实际理由，并指出UBI在发展中国家作为减贫工具比在发达国家作为社会正义工具更容易辩护。
In this article, we review the desirability and feasibility of a universal basic income (UBI) scheme from the theoretical point of view. We first discuss the possible theoretical justifications of UBI, contrasting the unconditionality of UBI with the many conditions that typically accompany other welfare policies. These justifications range from pure normative reasons to practical reasons due to the problem of screening beneficiaries and imperfections in institutions in charge of implementing tax and welfare policies. Next, we explore the conditions that determine the feasibility and size of a UBI. The broad picture that emerges from our review is that both normative and practical considerations make UBI easier to defend as a tool of poverty alleviation in developing countries than as a tool to achieve social justice in developed ones.