The Causal Effect of Military Conscription on Crime*
研究瑞典1970年代出生男性强制兵役对犯罪的影响，发现服役显著增加23-30岁期间的犯罪，尤其对低社会经济地位家庭和有犯罪前科者影响更大，负面同伴效应是主要原因。
Abstract We study the causal effect of mandatory military conscription in Sweden on the criminal behaviour of men born in the 1970s. We find that military service significantly increases post-service crime (overall and across multiple crime categories) between the ages of 23 and 30. These results are driven primarily by young men who come from low socioeconomic status households and those with pre-service criminal histories, despite evidence of a contemporaneous incapacitation effect of service for the latter group. Much of this crime-inducing effect can be attributed to negative peer effects experienced during service. Worse post-service labour market outcomes may also matter.