Parochialism and Implications for Chinese Firms’ Globalization
探讨了狭隘主义（小农意识）的含义，分析其文化、政治和经济根源，并通过中美管理者的定性数据揭示其认知、行为和关系维度，指出狭隘主义通过损害员工发展、沟通等组织文化关键方面，阻碍了中国企业的有效全球化。
ABSTRACT We explore the meaning of parochialism ( xiao nong yi shi , 小农意识) to explain certain paradoxical Chinese managerial behaviors. We discuss how cultural, political, and economic traditions in China formed a salient context to cultivate parochialism. Qualitative data from Chinese and American managers reveal that the conceptual framework of parochialism includes a cognitive dimension of closed-mindedness, a behavioral dimension of self-protection, and a relational dimension of in-group focused social relationship. Parochialism hampers effective globalization of Chinese firms because it negatively impacts key facets of organizational culture: employee development, communication, customer orientation, social responsibility, strategic planning, and innovation. The study offers theoretical and practical implications for Chinese management research and the development of global competence.