The Downside of Social Capital in New Industry Creation
研究发现，区域社会资本会抑制有争议的新产业中的创业活动，因为高社会资本强化了价值观一致性，阻碍了偏离常规的创业行为；但随着产业合法化，这种抑制作用减弱甚至转为正面。
In this article we develop and test the hypothesis that social capital, defined as a regional characteristic, discourages entrepreneurship in a new and contested industry. The argument follows the logic that high levels of social capital reinforce conformity in values and ideas, and inhibit deviant entrepreneurial activity. Once an industry becomes more legitimized—as a result of an increase in the number of firms present in a region—social capital becomes less restrictive on entrepreneurship and can even have a positive effect on the subsequent number of firms founded in a region. We find evidence for our thesis using data on 1,684 firm entries in the US video game industry for the period 1972–2007.