Offshoring Brains? Evidence on the Complementarity between Manufacturing and R&D in Danish Firms*
利用丹麦制造业企业数据，研究发现离岸外包与国内研发活动互补，且促使企业将研发资源转向产品研发。
Abstract By employing a firm‐level linked employer–employee dataset for Danish manufacturing firms, this paper investigates whether offshoring is complementary to, or a substitute for, research and development (R&D) activities. Offshoring is instrumented with world export supply to circumvent the inherent endogenous nature of the firm's decision to offshore. Results suggest that firms with increased offshoring do in fact tend to engage in further R&D activities at home. Moreover, they also tend to reallocate R&D resources toward product R&D, possibly at the expense of process R&D.