Using choice experiments to improve the design of agri-environmental schemes
研究通过离散选择实验分析德国北部68位农民的环境服务供给，优化合同设计，发现优化合同比标准合同在相同预算下多提供36%的环境服务。
Abstract This study applies a two-stage analysis of discrete–continuous supply of environmental services, based on an extended discrete choice experiment (DCE) with 68 farmers in Northern Germany. The estimation strategy combined a multinomial Heckman model and an OLS regression. We extend the literature by feeding the estimation results into a contract optimisation model for a stylised conservation scheme. The optimised contract differed significantly from the standard contract, which offered farmers a payment equal to the average cost of service provision. The standard contract yielded only 64 per cent of the environmental service of the optimised contract for the same budget outlay.