Combining Internal and External R&D: The Effects on Innovation Performance in Family and Nonfamily Firms
研究了同时进行内部和外部研发对家族企业与非家族企业创新绩效的影响，发现家族企业更能利用这种结合提升创新，且受企业经济绩效调节。
We examine the effect of combining internal and external R&D loci on innovation performance in family firms (FF) and nonfamily firms (non-FFs). Our longitudinal analysis of 27,438 firm-year observations of Spanish manufacturing firms from 1990 to 2016 shows that FFs can better exploit the benefits of simultaneously engaging in internal and external R&D activities, leading to a positive effect on innovation performance. Moreover, the relationship between combined internal and external R&D and innovation performance in FFs is contingent upon firm economic performance. By pointing to the importance of taking into account the combination of internal and external R&D loci to foster innovation in FFs, we challenge current family business innovation research.