Monetary Policy at the Effective Lower Bound: Less Potent? More International? More Sticky?
探讨有效下限时的货币政策是否效力更弱、国际溢出更大或更粘性，认为其可能有效，且尚无证据表明国际溢出更大，但退出可能更困难。
This paper discusses whether monetary policy at the effective lower bound (ELB) is less effective, generates greater international spillovers, or is "stickier" than conventional monetary policy. It argues that monetary policy at the ELB can be potent and that there has thus far been no convincing evidence that it has greater international spillovers through capital flows and exchange rates than comparable adjustments in interest rates. It may be more challenging to raise rates off the ELB than to raise rates from higher levelspossibly due to counterbalancing effects through the exchange rate-although there are only anecdotes to support this stickiness rather than any formal, empirical evidence.