Competition with indivisibilities and few traders
研究了在不可分割商品和少量交易者环境下，竞争行为所需的最小条件，发现当至少有两个买方和两个卖方愿意在每个竞争价格下交易时，所有活跃交易的纳什均衡结果都是竞争性的。
Abstract We study minimal conditions for competitive behavior with few agents. We adapt a price-quantity strategic market game to the indivisible commodity environment commonly used in double auction experiments, and show that all Nash equilibrium outcomes with active trading are competitive if and only if there are at least two buyers and two sellers willing to trade at every competitive price. Unlike previous formulations, this condition can be verified directly by checking the set of competitive equilibria. In laboratory experiments, the condition we provide turns out to be enough to induce competitive results, and the Nash equilibrium appears to be a good approximation for market outcomes. Subjects, although possessing limited information, are able to act as if complete information were available in the market.