Intimate Partner Violence: The Influence of Job Opportunities for Men and Women
利用31个发展中国家的数据，研究发现男性失业率上升1%使女性遭受身体暴力的概率增加0.50个百分点，而女性失业率下降1%反而使受害概率增加0.52个百分点，且这一模式仅在女性离婚受限的国家出现。
Abstract This study examines the association of unemployment variation with intimate partner violence using representative data from thirty-one developing countries, from 2005 to 2016. It finds that a 1 percent increase in the male unemployment rate is associated with an increase in the incidence of physical violence against women by 0.50 percentage points, or 2.75 percent. This is consistent with financial and psychological stress generated by unemployment. Female unemployment rates have the opposite effect, a 1 percent decrease being associated with an increase in the probability of victimization of 0.52 percentage points, or 2.87 percent. That an improvement in women's employment opportunities is associated with increased violence is consistent with male backlash. The study finds that this pattern of behaviors emerges entirely from countries in which women have more limited access to divorce than men.